The same requirement, region by region.

PG 5.2.2 does not list a dynamic model among the items needed to open a GIM request in RIOO. The Security Screening Study that follows is a steady-state (power flow and transfer) study whose scope also decides whether a more in-depth SSR study is needed; ERCOT may waive it.

Source: ERCOT Planning Guide Sec 5 (eff. Aug 1, 2026), 5.2.2(1) and 5.3.1(1)

From the cycle after DPP 2025: three site-specific models with the request (PSS/E standard library, TSAT UDM, PSCAD v5.0.0+), plus one model quality and performance test report that benchmarks the models against each other. Tests: initialization, balanced fault ride-through, small voltage step, small frequency step, HVRT, LVRT, HFRT, LFRT, protection verification, SCR step changes with repeated faults, and a PSCAD-only phase angle change. DPP 2025 requests submit these at Phase 2 kick-off instead. All requests also submit a .dyr library stability model from the NERC acceptable list at application (M1).

Source: MISO BPM-015 r33 (eff. Jul 1, 2026) Appendix I, I-1, I-2, I-4.5, I-5.1, I-5.2; 4.2.1.2

In force today: no published model-quality-test requirement at the request was found in the GI Manual. Approved by MOPC (Jul 14, 2026) and filed at FERC on Aug 26, 2026 (Docket ER26-3625, requested effective Oct 26, 2026) but not yet in effect; once effective it applies only to cluster windows that open after the tariff revision takes effect (RR764, Generating Facilities Modeling Requirements Manual V1.0): standard library models (or a PSS/E UDM if the OEM attests none exists) plus a model quality and performance test report at the request; all listed tests are run for every package; only the required tests must pass, and SPP may also need the supplemental tests before COD.

Source: SPP Generator Interconnection Manual (BP 7250), rev. Jul 14, 2026; RR764 package posted Jul 22, 2026: Modeling Requirements Manual V1.0 (Apr 3, 2026), Model Submittal Process Flow; RR764 Recommendation Report after MOPC Jul 14, 2026; FERC Docket ER26-3625-000 (filed Aug 26, 2026)

PSS/E dynamic model (.idv/.dyr; v35.3.2 for Cycle 01) at the Application Phase, with a Dynamic Model Report, Checklist, QA sign-offs, and a table comparing application values with PSS/E parameters. Tests: flat start, voltage ride-through (a 9-cycle three-phase POI fault; momentary cessation eliminated, or the equipment limitation explained to PJM), power factor and maximum facility output (MFO) checks, primary frequency response enabled. A UDM needs the compiled .sav and DLL. Deficiencies not cured in the review window withdraw the application.

Source: PJM Dynamic Model Development Guidelines Rev 2.1 (Mar 10, 2026) Sec 2.1, 3, 8

GE PSLF load flow (.epc) and dynamic (.dyd) models. For non-synchronous plants: a validated user-defined RMS positive-sequence model plus a parameterized generic library model from the tariff's GE PSLF list (or another WECC-approved model), with block diagrams of the inverter and plant controls, with validation evidence (IC or OEM attestation, or test data). Required plots: flat run, bump test, voltage reference step, frequency reference step, voltage ride-through.

Source: CAISO Tariff Appendix KK (as of Aug 5, 2026) 3.5.1(iv),(v),(ix) and Attachment A item 13; CAISO/PTO Dynamic Model Review Guideline for Inverter Based Interconnection Requests and Operational Resources (rev. Aug 6, 2026) Sec 2, 3

With the request: PSS/E RAW and DYR, ASPEN OneLiner short-circuit model, and a PSCAD (.pscx) model with all auxiliary files. Also a PSS/E-PSCAD benchmark report, PSCAD user documentation, the Appendix C-1 checklist with OEM equipment attestations (e-MQA) and a plant-level attestation (p-MQA), and model acceptance tests (MAT) per Appendix C-2 Rev 2.0: 18 SMIB tests run in both PSS/E and PSCAD at SCR 2.5, SCR 20 and infinite SCR (X/R 10), run in discharge and charging mode for BESS, and for each technology alone and combined for hybrid plants.

Source: ISO-NE IR Technical Data Submittal Guidance Rev 1.0 (Jul 21, 2025) Sec 1; PP5-6 Appendix C-1 Rev 2.0; PP5-6 Appendix C-2 Rev 2.0 Sec 1, 1.1

Three site-specific models: PSS/E standard library, PSS/E UDM (quarter-cycle minimum timestep), and PSCAD (v5.0.0+, must not require a timestep below 10 us). Also a Model Performance Attestation report with all three models overlaid and benchmarked, and the model checklist. All due before the annual cluster study, no later than the end of the Annual Cluster Request Window. Required tests include initialization, balanced faults, small voltage/frequency steps, V/PF and P steps, HVRT/LVRT/HFRT/LFRT, SCR, protection, and reactive capability, plus a PSCAD-only bolted single-line-to-ground fault test and a +25 deg phase angle test (2LG and -25 deg cases are supplemental). OEM attestation and HIL/type-test unit validation are required.

Source: Southern Company Transmission, Model Submittal Requirements for Transmission Connected IBRs (eff. Apr 18, 2025) Sec 1, 3.1, 4, 4.1, 4.2

To start the Full Interconnection Study (FIS): dynamic model plus model quality test (MQT) results and simulation files per PG 6.2(5)(c). MQTs for IBRs other than advanced-grid-support ESRs: flat start, small voltage step, LVRT/HVRT profiles (NOG 2.9.1), small frequency step, system strength (SCR) test, and a PSCAD-only phase angle jump; ride-through cases at leading and lagging power factor. ESRs subject to NOG 2.14 replace the frequency step with a frequency change and inertia response test and add phase angle jump and loss of synchronous machine tests. Platforms: PSS/E v36-compatible models (required before Jun 1, 2026), with v35 user-defined models also provided until the v35-to-v36 transition is complete, PSCAD 4.5+, TSAT when the PSS/E model is user-written. PSCAD model required for all IBRs installed on or after Jan 2015, with unit model validation results (a hardware type test of the PSCAD inverter model against actual inverter hardware: voltage step, ride-through, system strength, phase angle jump, subsynchronous scan). Responses must be consistent across platforms to the extent of platform capability, with an explanation for any mismatch.

Source: ERCOT Planning Guide Sec 5 (eff. Aug 1, 2026) 5.3.2(3)(b); Sec 6 (eff. Aug 1, 2026) 6.2(5); DWG Procedure Manual Rev 25 (ROS approved Jul 9, 2026) 3.1.1, 3.1.2, 3.1.5, 3.1.6

For Appendix I projects (DPP 2025 on), at Decision Points 1 and 2 updated models and a new test report are required for any plant change that affects electrical output (generally any Material Modification or Qualified Change). For DPP 2025 and earlier cycles, PSCAD models for projects MISO identifies are due by the end of Decision Point 1. Grid-forming BESS with a unique POI (DPP 2023 onward) submit PSCAD v5 results for the Appendix H tests (loss of last synchronous machine, ROCOF, phase jump, low SCR with fault) by the start of Decision Point 2.

Source: MISO BPM-015 r33 (eff. Jul 1, 2026) Appendix I-2; 5.2.3.1; 5.3.7 and Appendix H

In force: SPP screens SCR, CSCR and WSCR (fail below 6.0) and critical clearing time (fail below 0.15 s) in DISIS Phase 2, and a detailed EMT study follows for projects that fail. Under RR764 V1.0 (filed at FERC, not yet effective): PSS/E UDM and PSCAD UDM (plus another platform's UDM if the TP requires it) with a test report, due no later than 60 calendar days after the end of the ICS decision point.

Source: SPP GI Manual (BP 7250), rev. Jul 14, 2026, Sec 4.3.4; RR764 Modeling Requirements Manual V1.0 (Apr 3, 2026), Model Submittal Process Flow

From Cycle 01 on, every BPS-connected IBR must submit a PSCAD model at Decision Point II to proceed into Phase III, with a Model Requirements Checklist and a Model Quality Test and Benchmark Report against PSS/E (EMT-G tests include flat start, P-ref and frequency steps, voltage steps, 3LG/SLG/LL faults, LVRT/OVRT/HVRT profiles, and a system strength sweep). In Transition Cycle 2, PSCAD was needed only for projects flagged by the low system strength screen. The PSS/E model must be updated after any allowed change at Decision Point I or II.

Source: PJM EMT Model Development Guidelines Rev 0 (Mar 5, 2026) Sec 2.3, Sec 5; PJM DMDG Rev 2.1 Sec 2.1, Sec 3

Every inverter-based Generating Facility studied under Schedules 22 or 23 or connected to the PTF must provide a PSCAD-usable EMT model for EMT testing in the interconnection study (others only if ISO-NE identifies a reliability need). The typical study order starts with SCR calculation, review of PSS/E-PSCAD benchmarking, and PSCAD analysis if SCR is low. New e-MQA and p-MQA attestations are required whenever significant model changes may affect plant performance, including at the as-purchased and as-built submissions.

Source: ISO-NE PP5-6 Rev 15 (eff. Oct 2, 2026) Sec 6.5, Appendix C, Appendix D; Appendix C-1 Rev 2.0

No separate study-phase deadline is set: the package submitted by the end of the Annual Cluster Request Window carries through the interconnection study phase (all study work before the agreement is signed), but SCT may require a full new package and repeated tests after any applicable change. Tests start at SCR 5 and X/R 5; once the interconnection study phase is complete, the POI SCR (as WSCR) and X/R from the study report are used for all later tests.

Source: SCT Model Submittal Requirements (Apr 18, 2025) Sec 1, 2, 4

No separate model gate at the facility-study or SGIA step was found. The facility study is an FIS element, so the FIS model package carries forward. Typical data submitted before detailed design must be updated once detailed design is complete.

Source: ERCOT Planning Guide Sec 5 (eff. Aug 1, 2026) 5.3.2.4.4; DWG Procedure Manual Rev 25, Dynamic Data for Planned Equipment (3.1.9)

Before GIA execution: all final models, now adding the PSS/E UDM (four models), with a final test report using updated site SCR and X/R when known. This set becomes the baseline performance expectation. The initial OEM Parameter Verification Report is also due with this package.

Source: MISO BPM-015 r33 (eff. Jul 1, 2026) Appendix I-2, I-4.6(a)

Under RR764 V1.0 (filed at FERC, not yet effective): before GIA execution, all final models (standard library, PSS/E UDM, TSAT UDM, PSCAD UDM, and another platform's UDM if the TP requires it) with a test report that should use updated SCR and X/R when available. The initial Parameter Verification Report is due at GIA. SPP would not execute the GIA without the final model package, and the Model Evaluation Agreement (with study deposit) is due at least 30 calendar days before GIA signing. No GIA-stage model rule was found in the rules in force today.

Source: RR764 Modeling Requirements Manual V1.0 (Apr 3, 2026), Model Submittal Process Flow and parameter verification section

Final dynamic model due at least 45 days before the quarterly stability assessment (QSA) prerequisite deadline, and still excluded if ERCOT cannot finish its review by that deadline; a unit left out of the QSA cannot synchronize that quarter. Before the Resource Commissioning Date, IBRs submit as-built dynamic models, a list of differences from the QSA model, and as-built MQT results overlaid on the QSA results. ERCOT answers in 10 business days, or 30 if extended.

Source: ERCOT Planning Guide Sec 5 (eff. Aug 1, 2026) 5.3.5(2), 5.3.5(4)(b)(i), 5.5(4)

Within 60 days before COD: model verification showing that as-built equipment and settings match the study models, and the final Parameter Verification Report. If anything differs from the GIA-stage models, updated models and a new test report are required.

Source: MISO BPM-015 r33 (eff. Jul 1, 2026) Appendix I-2, I-4.6(b)

Today: SPP's EMT Model Requirements (Rev 1, Mar 10, 2023) state the PSCAD model is due no later than 15 months before power injection; SPP runs EMT studies when its SCR/CCT screening flags weak-grid concerns. Under RR764 V1.0 (filed at FERC, not yet effective): no later than 60 calendar days before COD, as-built model verification and a Parameter Verification Report, with updated models and test report if anything changed. SPP may require both required and supplemental tests before COD and may delay commercial operation readiness until failures are fixed.

Source: SPP EMT Model Requirements Rev 1 (Mar 10, 2023) p.3; RR764 Modeling Requirements Manual V1.0 (Apr 3, 2026), Model Submittal Process Flow and test requirements

In force (DMDG Rev 2.1): the As Built Data submission includes a PSS/E model that reflects the settings after commissioning and a FAT report for each main power transformer. Published in PJM's EMT guideline Rev 0 but not yet effective (PJM will set the date in a later revision): an as-built verification request with PSS/E UDM, PSS/E library model, an as-built PSCAD model, a Model Quality Test and Benchmark Report (more tests than earlier stages) and a Parameter Verification Report; differences from the study model should be treated as a qualified change and reviewed before commercial operation.

Source: PJM EMT Model Development Guidelines Rev 0 (Mar 5, 2026) Sec 2.3 item 4 and footnote; PJM DMDG Rev 2.1 Sec 2.1 item 3, Sec 8 item 7

As-purchased data due no later than 180 calendar days before the Initial Synchronization Date and reviewed before synchronization. As-built/as-tested data due before COD and reviewed before the project may go commercial. Both are evaluated under the Material Modification screens, including the PSCAD-change screen.

Source: ISO-NE PP5-6 Rev 15 (eff. Oct 2, 2026) Appendix E

Implementation phase: as-planned model within 90 days of Notice to Proceed; as-built model 120 days before Initial Synchronization; as-built update 30 days before the Performance Validation Testing period (trial operation phase 2); as-left model within 14 days after that period begins. SCT runs EMT simulations on each set and compares the as-left model with measured voltage and frequency step tests. It may run all required and supplemental tests and delay commercial operation readiness until failures are fixed.

Source: SCT Interconnection Requirements for Transmission Connected IBRs (eff. Aug 6, 2023) 5.10.1, 5.12.1, 5.12.2; SCT Model Submittal Requirements (Apr 18, 2025) Sec 4 item 5, Sec 5.1

Within 30 days after the Resource Commissioning Date: as-built model updates with MQTs in RIOO, plus a plant verification report showing the tuned parameters match field settings. Further verification reports are due 12 to 24 months after commissioning, within 30 days of any settings change, and at least every 10 years. Before an IBR control or equipment change that affects dynamic response at the POI, the interconnecting TSP and ERCOT review a new model with before/after MQT overlays (outcomes range from acceptance to a TSP stability study or a new GIM). Model updates are due within 30 days of any facility change or test result that requires one.

Source: ERCOT Planning Guide Sec 5 (eff. Aug 1, 2026) 5.5(5), 5.5(6); Sec 6 6.2(5)(b); DWG Procedure Manual Rev 25 3.2.2

COD notice within 30 calendar days of COD, which should also include as-built modeling data. After COD, any parameter change that affects electrical output needs an updated Parameter Verification Report within 30 days, plus an as-left verification report within 30 days of the field change. Models, including PSCAD, must be kept current for the life of the plant.

Source: MISO BPM-015 r33 (eff. Jul 1, 2026) 7.7; Appendix I-4.6(c); Appendix I-2 (post-flowchart text); 5.2.3.1

Under RR764 V1.0 (filed at FERC, not yet effective): Parameter Verification Report within 180 calendar days of any post-COD parameter change that affects electrical output or dynamic performance, and an as-left verification report within 180 calendar days of implementing any change, and the full modeling package resubmitted when changes alter dynamic performance (for example, changes that trigger MOD-026 testing). No post-COD deadline was found in the rules in force today.

Source: RR764 Modeling Requirements Manual V1.0 (Apr 3, 2026), Model Submittal Process Flow and parameter verification section

No later than one year after commercial operation: a tuned model set per NERC MOD-026/MOD-027 (MOD-026-2 has applied since April 1, 2026; its model verification requirements apply from April 1, 2029), matched to field tests. Any later qualified change that requires revised models triggers a full new submission.

Source: PJM EMT Model Development Guidelines Rev 0 (Mar 5, 2026) Sec 2.3 items 5-6

Under GIA Section 5.10.3 (restated in BPM GM Sec 11.0), within 120 calendar days of COD: as-built drawings, relay settings, and specifications for the excitation system/AVR, generating facility control and protection settings, and transformer taps. Late delivery carries tariff penalties (Sec 37.6.1). Sec 11 names data and settings, not a model update. Post-COD model changes go through a modification request, which needs revised PSLF load flow and dynamic models for the whole existing facility plus IBR Model Validation results (BPM GM V41 Sec 6.4), or through the Transmission Planning BPM Generator Model Update process. Separately, the Transmission Planning Process BPM requires an EMT (PSCAD) model from every asynchronous generating unit: units in commercial operation after September 1, 2018 within 12 months of COD or of CAISO's data request, whichever is later; other units within 12 months of a separate request, with an extension process for older equipment. The model follows the joint CAISO/PTO Electromagnetic Transient Modeling Requirements.

Source: CAISO BPM for Generator Management V41 (PRR 1703, Oct 29, 2026) Sec 11.0 and Sec 6.4; CAISO Tariff Sec 37.6.1; CAISO BPM for Transmission Planning Process V28 (Feb 4, 2026) Sec 10.1.3.5, 10.4.1, 10.4.8; CAISO/PTO Electromagnetic Transient Modeling Requirements (Apr 14, 2021)

After COD, changes to existing facilities (for example equipment upgrades or replacement of failed equipment) are screened under Appendix E, and any changed EMT model needs new attestations (e-MQA/p-MQA) and model acceptance tests. No periodic resubmittal deadline was found beyond NERC MOD-026/MOD-032.

Source: ISO-NE PP5-6 Rev 15 Appendix E item 2; Appendix C-2 Rev 2.0 Sec 1

Post-commissioning monitoring checks performance against IEEE 2800 Clause 11 measurement data, which must be provided within 30 calendar days of a request (for event analysis and model validation). No periodic model resubmittal deadline was found; deficiencies found after COD must be addressed in a time agreed with SCT, and SCT may require a full model package after any applicable plant change.

Source: SCT Interconnection Requirements for Transmission Connected IBRs (eff. Aug 6, 2023) 5.11, 5.12.3