Duke Energy Interconnection Module Package

Stage 1: Cluster Request Window, Customer Engagement Window and Cluster Study Phase 1

• Guide you through the Attachment K request requirements before the annual Cluster Request Window, and prepare the technical content of the Interconnection Request (Appendix 1 and its Attachment A data, Point of Interconnection, requested Interconnection Service level, and the Network Resource or Energy Resource Interconnection Service election) for you to submit with your deposits and Site Control demonstration.
• For plants with storage, prepare the requested operating assumptions (whether the plant charges at peak load) and the description of the control technologies that hold the plant to those assumptions.
• Develop the plant-level steady-state power flow model in PSS/E, including the collector system equivalent, main and inverter step-up transformers and tie line, using the data called for in the Duke Energy Inverter Based Resource Data Request Form.
• Develop the positive-sequence dynamic models in PSS/E: a validated user-written model and an appropriately parameterized standard library generic model for the inverters, power plant controller and any dynamic reactive devices, a single DYR file per model type, compiled dynamic link libraries (DLLs), and a single machine infinite bus sample implementation test case, in the PSS/E versions the Duke form names. For synchronous units, prepare the excitation system, power system stabilizer and governor models (IEEE model block diagrams and constants) that Attachment A to Appendix 1 requires, in the IEEE or PTI format the Facility Connection Requirements name.
• Develop the site-specific PSCAD electromagnetic transient (EMT) model of the plant up to the Point of Interconnection and complete the Duke Energy Electromagnetic Transient Modeling Requirements checklist (accuracy, usability, efficiency and documentation items) that accompanies each PSCAD model and that Duke uses to test and review it.
• Prepare the short-circuit contribution data and sequence equivalents requested in the Duke form, and the model validation evidence (your attestation, original equipment manufacturer (OEM) attestations or test data) that Appendix 1 accepts.
• Coordinate with inverter, turbine and power plant controller manufacturers to obtain models and data parameterized to the intended site settings rather than vendor defaults.
• Support you at the Cluster Study Scoping Meeting in the Customer Engagement Window: evaluate alternative Points of Interconnection and configurations, prepare the technical responses to Duke's deficiency notices and information requests for you to submit within Duke's deadlines, and review the technical appendices of the Cluster Study Agreement before you execute it.
• Perform the reactive power capability study using the study cases in Duke's Recommended Reactive Study Cases guidance: the Mvar equivalent of 0.95 lagging to 0.95 leading power factor at the maximum requested MW, required at all plant MW output levels at the Point of Interconnection in the Cluster Study, and for inverter-based plants the Technical Interconnection Requirements minimum reactive capability (the equivalent of 0.95 power factor at the IBR Continuous Rating) from dynamic sources at the Point of Measurement across the reactive operating area voltages. Limit any supplemental capacitor to the plant's reactive power losses.
• Review the Cluster Study Phase 1 Report (power flow and voltage results, assigned Network Upgrades and Contingent Facilities) and prepare technical questions for the Phase 1 Report Meeting, so you can decide whether to proceed to Cluster Study Phase 2.

Stage 2: Cluster Study Phase 2, Cluster Restudy and Interconnection Facilities Study

• Update the models for any permitted modification and prepare the updated Attachment A models that must accompany a modification request; and prepare the technical information for your request that Duke evaluate whether a proposed change is a Material Modification under Section 4.4.3.
• Prepare the technical analysis for a Technological Change Request before you return the signed Interconnection Facilities Study Agreement: updated data and models, equipment specifications, and simulations showing electrical performance equal to or better than the original design.
• Review the Cluster Study Phase 2 Report (updated power flow, short circuit and stability results). Where Duke could not use the user-written model because of a PSS/E version or numerical issue, correct the model for you to resubmit to Duke.
• Using the study databases and workpapers obtained from Duke under the confidentiality terms of Attachment K, replicate the stability results in PSS/E, check the plant response in PSCAD where Duke reports instability or used a generic model, and develop mitigation options such as control tuning, reactive additions or reduced output.
• Support any Cluster Restudy with updated models and data, and review the Cluster Restudy Report.
• Prepare the technical data that you deliver with the executed Interconnection Facilities Study Agreement, review the draft Interconnection Facilities Study Report, and prepare your written comments within the comment period.
• Prepare the models and plant data you provide to an Affected System Operator after Duke notifies it of a potential Affected System impact following Cluster Study Phase 2 or a Cluster Restudy.

Stage 3: LGIA, Capability and Performance Requirements Review and Construction

• Review the technical content of the draft LGIA appendices before you execute the LGIA, including Appendix C (Interconnection Details, with the state of charge operating range for primary frequency response of any storage) and Appendix H (Operating Assumptions for Generating Facility, the charging behavior of a plant with storage).
• Prepare the updated information submission due before Trial Operation under LGIA Article 24.3, with stability models compatible with Duke's standard models, and identify data that differs materially from what Duke studied.
• Prepare the CPR model submittals (parameterized inverter and power plant controller models and the power system model) at each stage the Technical Interconnection Requirements name (start of CPR, prior to backfeed and prior to the Commercial Operation Date), prepare the technical responses for Duke's IBR Coordination Document, and support you through the CPR Review against the Facility Connection Requirements and the Technical Interconnection Requirements.
• Perform PSS/E and PSCAD simulations of the final design that show conformance to the Technical Interconnection Requirements (IEEE 2800-based ride-through, primary frequency response, voltage and reactive power control) for your CPR submittals.
• Perform the harmonic and power quality study following Duke's Harmonic Study Scope, using the N-0 and N-1 system impedances and background harmonics Duke provides, including frequency scans for resonance with plant capacitor banks.
• Prepare substitution notifications for equipment changes, with the form, fit and function comparison and updated models, and check each change against the qualified change definitions in the Facility Connection Requirements.
• Prepare the technical data for a Provisional Interconnection Study if you request Provisional Interconnection Service.

Stage 4: Backfeed, Commissioning and Permission to Operate

• Support your commissioning tests under Duke's Commissioning Document: reactive power capability verification, primary frequency response, voltage and reactive power control, and post-event data monitoring, and populate Duke's verification results templates.
• For synchronous units, support the open circuit step voltage test required by LGIA Article 24.4 and validate the excitation model against the recordings.
• Update the PSS/E generic, PSS/E user-written and PSCAD models to the as-built settings and prepare the aggregated single machine infinite bus implementation case and the updated Inverter Based Resource Data Request Form.
• Benchmark the PSS/E generic, PSS/E user-written and PSCAD models against the field voltage reference step and frequency step tests, and compare the PSS/E models with the PSCAD model for a three-phase fault at the Point of Interconnection, as the IBR Site As-Builts procedure requires.
• Prepare the model attestations, assemble the as-built package for your submittal after PTO, and prepare the model updates and settings recommendations that address action items in Duke's Verification Report.

Stage 5: Post-Commercial Operation

• Evaluate proposed settings, protection, firmware and equipment changes against Duke's qualified change definitions, update the models, and prepare the notification before you implement the change.
• Provide updated model data for Duke's MOD-032 data collection and for information changes after equipment replacement, repair or adjustment under LGIA Article 24.4.
• Support event analysis and disturbance-based model validation using the plant monitoring data Duke may request under the Technical Interconnection Requirements.
• Prepare models and technical data for a new Interconnection Request, Surplus Interconnection Service request or Generation Replacement request when you increase capacity or repower.